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Canada: Facts & Stats

Demographics | Economy | Transportation | CULTURE

CULTURE

Traditions:

Canadian character is difficult to analyze. There are two main cultural groups, French and English, who could well be considered as two separate "nations." As other European ethnic groups have come into Canada, they have been encouraged to retain their sense of identity with their country of origin. This strong emphasis on ethnic pluralism has reduced the urge to build a new Canadian nation.

Canada's unstable population growth and high rates of emigration also create difficulties. The slow development of the social sciences has entailed a paucity of data from which to draw a profile of Canadian character or values. Canadians are heavy consumers of United States culture. Moreover, the small output of indigenous symbolic and expressive material does not circulate widely, nor does it have significance for very large numbers.

Despite the inadequacy of the data, there is considerable agreement among those who have written about it that Canadians are more conservative and authoritarian and less egalitarian in values than are the people of the United States. Conservatism and lack of commitment is traced briefly in the Canadian political system. Finally, it is suggested that the French and English in their conservatism have more in common than is generally thought.

Celebrations:

In Canada, public holidays are legislated at the national, provincial and territorial levels. Many of these holidays are observed nationwide, but each province and territory does have its own holidays as well.

While major Christian holidays such as Christmas and Good Fridays are officially observed, other religious holidays are widely accepted as well (see Multiculturalism). For example, some school children and employees take days off for Jewish holidays, Muslim holidays, or Eastern Orthodox observances according to the Julian calendar. While not normally taken off work, Valentine's Day, St. Patrick's Day, Mother's Day, Father's Day and Hallowe'en are traditionally observed by Canadians. The Celebrate Canada series is a collection of important cultural days beginning with National Aboriginal Day on June 21, and followed by St-Jean Baptiste Day on June 24, Canadian Multiculturalism Day on June 27, and concluding with Canada Day on July 1.

A statutory holiday (also known as "general" or "public" holiday) in Canada is legislated either through the federal, or a provincial or territorial government. Most workers, public and private, are entitled to take the day off with regular pay. However, some employers may require employees to work on such a holiday, but the employee must either receive a day off in lieu of the holiday or must be paid at a premium rate — usually 1½ (known as "time and a half") or twice (known as "double time") the regular pay for their time worked that day, in addition to the holiday pay (except for high technology workers in British Columbia). In most provinces, when a statutory holiday falls on a normal day off (generally a weekend), the following work day is considered a statutory holiday.

Alcohol:

The legal drinking age in the individual provinces and territories of Canada is:
  • Alberta - 18
  • British Columbia - 19
  • Manitoba - 18
  • New Brunswick - 19
  • Newfoundland and Labrador - 19
  • Northwest Territories - 19
  • Nova Scotia - 19
  • Nunavut - 19
  • Ontario - 19
  • Prince Edward Island - 19
  • Quebec - 18
  • Saksatchewan - 19
  • Yukon Territory - 19

Sports and Hobbies:

The sporting culture of Canada is different from that of many other countries. Compared to any other nation, Canadians prefer a unique set of sports that are all home grown — namely football, basketball, baseball, and ice hockey. In Canada, football means Canadian football or what is sometimes called gridiron around the world.

Ice hockey, referred to as simply hockey in the country, is Canada's official winter sport, its most popular spectator sport, and its most successful sport in international competition. Lacrosse, a sport with Aboriginal origins, is Canada's oldest sport and official summer sport. Canadian football is Canada's second most popular spectator sport, and the Canadian Football League's annual championship, the Grey Cup, is the country's largest annual sports event. Association football, known in Canada as soccer in both English and French, has the most registered players of any sport in Canada, but has never enjoyed sustained popularity as a major professional spectator sport even though the last few years have showed an improvement in terms of popularity and media coverage.

Other popular team sports include curling, street hockey, cricket, rugby, Association football and softball. Cricket is the fastest growing sport in Canada currently .Popular individual sports include auto racing, boxing, cycling, golf, hiking, horse racing, ice skating, rodeo, skateboarding, skiing, snowboarding, swimming, tennis, triathlon, track and field, water sports, and wrestling. As a country with a generally cool climate, Canada has enjoyed greater success at the Winter Olympics than at the Summer Olympics, although significant regional variations in climate allow for a wide variety of both team and individual sports.

Major upcoming multi-sport events in Canada include the 2010 Winter Olympics. Great achievements in Canadian sport are recognized by Canada's Sports Hall of Fame, while the Lou Marsh Trophy is awarded annually to Canada's top athlete by a panel of journalists.




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